-
1 angular longitude
Морской термин: долгота в угловой мере, угловая долгота -
2 angular longitude
-
3 angular longitude
-
4 longitude
-
5 Ramsden, Jesse
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering[br]b. 6 October 1735 (?) Halifax, Yorkshire, Englandd. 5 November 1800 Brighton, Sussex, England[br]English instrument-maker who developed machines for accurately measuring angular and linear scales.[br]Jesse Ramsden was the son of an innkeeper but received a good general education: after attending the free school at Halifax, he was sent at the age of 12 to his uncle for further study, particularly in mathematics. At the age of 16 he was apprenticed to a cloth-worker in Halifax and on completion of the apprenticeship in 1755 he moved to London to work as a clerk in a cloth warehouse. In 1758 he became an apprentice in the workshop of a London mathematical instrument-maker named Burton. He quickly gained the skill, particularly in engraving, and by 1762 he was able to set up on his own account. He married in 1765 or 1766 the youngest daughter of the optician John Dollond FRS (1706– 61) and received a share of Dollond's patent for making achromatic lenses.Ramsden's experience and reputation increased rapidly and he was generally regarded as the leading instrument-maker of his time. He opened a shop in the Haymarket and transferred to Piccadilly in 1775. His staff increased to about sixty workers and apprentices, and by 1789 he had constructed nearly 1,000 sextants as well as theodolites, micrometers, balances, barometers, quadrants and other instruments.One of Ramsden's most important contributions to precision measurement was his development of machines for obtaining accurate division of angular and linear scales. For this work he received a premium from the Commissioners of the Board of Longitude, who published his descriptions of the machines. For the trigonometrical survey of Great Britain, initiated by General William Roy FRS (1726–90) and continued by the Board of Ordnance, Ramsden supplied a 3 ft (91 cm) theodolite and steel measuring chains, and was also engaged to check the glass tubes used to measure the fundamental base line.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1786; Royal Society Copley Medal 1795. Member, Imperial Academy of St Petersburg 1794. Member, Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers 1793.Bibliography1774, Description of a New Universal Equatorial Instrument, London; repub. 1791. 1777, Description of an Engine for Dividing Mathematical Instruments, London. 1779, Description of an Engine for Dividing Straight Lines on MathematicalInstruments, London.1779, "Description of two new micrometers", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 69:419–31.1782, "A new construction of eyeglasses for such telescopes as may be applied to mathematical instruments", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 73:94–99.Further ReadingR.S.Woodbury, 1961, History of the Lathe to 1850, Cleveland, Ohio; W.Steeds, 1969, A History of Machine Tools 1700–1910, Oxford (both provide a brief description of Ramsden's dividing machines).RTS -
6 difference
1. n разница; различие, несходство, отличиеdifference of opinion — расхождение во мнениях, разногласия
the difference between two versions of the same text — различие между двумя редакциями одного и того же текста, разночтение
with the difference that … — с той разницей, что …
2. n разногласие; спор; ссораwe sometimes have our differences — у нас бывают разногласия, нам случается не соглашаться друг с другом
3. n геральд. отличительный знак4. n мат. разность5. v книжн. различать; отличать6. v книжн. мат. вычислять разностьСинонимический ряд:1. argument (noun) argument; disagreement; dispute; quarrel2. discord (noun) conflict; contention; disaccord; discord; disharmony; dispeace; dissension; dissent; dissidence; dissonance; disunion; disunity; inharmony; mischief; strife; unpeace3. dissimilarity (noun) alterity; deviation; discrepancy; disparity; dissemblance; dissimilarity; dissimilitude; distance; divarication; divergence; divergency; gap; incongruity; inconsistency; otherness; unlikeness4. distinction (noun) dash; discrimination; distinction; idiosyncrasy; tone5. variance (noun) contrariety; division; feud; misunderstanding; opposition; variance6. variation (noun) contrast; variation7. know (verb) differentiate; discern; discrepate; discriminate; distinguish; extricate; know; separate; sever; severalizeАнтонимический ряд:agreement; amity; assent; community; concurrence; congruity; consent; consonance; harmony; identity; likeness; similarity; sympathy -
7 variation
вариация, изменение@variations in brillianceколебания блеска@variations in latitudeвариации широты@variation in lightизменение блеска@variations in longitudeвариации долготы@accidental variationsслучайные вариации@angular variationугловое изменение@annual variationгодичная вариация@brightness variationизменение яркости@center to limb variationизменение яркости от центра к краю диска (Солнца, планет-гигантов)@disturbance diurnal variationвозмущенная суточная вариация (геомагнитного поля)@disturbed magnetic variationвозмущенная вариация магнитного поля (планеты)@diurnal variationсуточная вариация@instrumental variationsинструментальные ошибки@intensity time variationвариации интенсивности во времени@lunar-barometric variationлунная барометрическая вариация@lunar-daily variationsлунносуточные вариации@lunar-quiet magnetic variationспокойная лунно-солнечная вариация магнитного поля (Земли)@lunisolar variationsлунно-солнечное вариации@magnetic variationмагнитная вариация@phase variationфазовый ход@pressure variationизменение давления@seasonal variation1.сезонное изменение 2.сезонный ход@secular variationsвековые вариации@secular variation in declinationвековое изменение по склонению@secular variation in right ascensionвековое изменение по прямому восхождению@semidiurnal variationполусуточная вариация@sidereal variationsзвездные вариации@solar variationsсолнечные вариации@solar quiet magnetic variationспокойная солнечно-лунная вариация магнитного поля (Земли)@storm-time variationапериодическая вариация@temperature variationизменение температуры@temporal variationsвременные изменения@yearly variationsгодичные вариации@zenith-angle variationизменение (интенсивности космических лучей) с зенитным расстоянием@ -
8 finite difference
1. конечные разности2. конечная разностьdifference in pressure — перепад давлений; разность давлений
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > finite difference
-
9 coordinate
координата; pl. координаты; оси [система] координат; координировать -
10 correction
коррекция; исправление; поправкаcorrection for wind direction — поправка на несоосность [скос] потока
tailplane correction to trim — балансировочное отклонение (цельноповоротного) стабилизатора >
См. также в других словарях:
Longitude by chronometer — Longitude by Chronometer, known by mariners as Long by Chron , is an astronomical navigation method of calculating an observer s position on earth. The method gives the observer a position line on which the observer is situated. Usually the… … Wikipedia
longitude — ► NOUN ▪ the angular distance of a place east or west of a standard meridian, especially the Greenwich meridian. ORIGIN Latin longitudo, from longus long … English terms dictionary
Longitude — For Dava Sobel s book about John Harrison, see Longitude (book). For the adaptation of Sobel s book, see Longitude (TV series). Map of Earth Longitude (λ) Lines of longitude appear vertical with varying curvature in this projection, but are… … Wikipedia
angular distance — noun the angular separation between two objects as perceived by an observer he recorded angular distances between the stars • Hypernyms: ↑angle • Hyponyms: ↑latitude, ↑longitude, ↑declination, ↑celestial latitude, ↑ … Useful english dictionary
Longitude du nœud ascendant — Diagramme des éléments orbitaux, incluant la longitude du nœud ascendant (Ω). En mécanique céleste, la longitude du nœud ascendant est un élément orbital permettant de définir l orbite d un corps autour d un autre. Pour un corps en orbite autour… … Wikipédia en Français
longitude — /ˈlɒŋgətjud / (say longguhtyoohd), /ˈlɒŋətjud/ (say longuhtyoohd), / tʃud/ (say choohd) noun 1. Geography angular distance east or west on the earth s surface, measured along the equator by the angle contained between the meridian of a particular …
longitude — /lon ji toohd , tyoohd /, n. 1. Geog. angular distance east or west on the earth s surface, measured by the angle contained between the meridian of a particular place and some prime meridian, as that of Greenwich, England, and expressed either in … Universalium
longitude — lon•gi•tude [[t]ˈlɒn dʒɪˌtud, ˌtyud[/t]] n. 1) geo angular distance east or west on the earth s surface, as measured, usu. in degrees, from the meridian of some particular place to the prime meridian at Greenwich, England 2) astron. the angular… … From formal English to slang
longitude — n. 1 Geog. the angular distance east or west from a standard meridian such as Greenwich to the meridian of any place. 2 Astron. the angular distance of a celestial body north or south of the ecliptic measured along a great circle through the body … Useful english dictionary
longitude — the angular distance east or west of the prime meridian on any meridian. Joining points of the same angle on all the meridians creates a line of longitude encircling the globe. Measured in degrees, minutes and seconds. Excellent explanation… … Geography glossary
longitude — The shorter angular distance east or west of the Greenwich Meridian, measured in the plane of the equator. It is expressed in degrees, minutes, and seconds and is annotated E or W, according to whether the point lies east or west of the prime… … Aviation dictionary